MSC Methodologies

The theology has told us that the task is going out from new centre that is God’s mission. Thus Mission shaped church can occur. The methodologies must proceed from the theology not vice versa. What does it look like ?  

1       Seeds are key

Going from there we take with us seeds - of both the gospel and church - in our knapsacks.  The seeds only get taken out and planted as the missionary journey unfolds.  These seeds then must die to take root in the cross-cultural context.   The principle is, SEEDS MUST BE ALLOWED TO DIE.   The report Mission-shaped Church  talks about this both in its 3rd chapter on church planting and chapter 5 on theology.   The heart of this instinct, is once more living out Jesus teaching on dying to live , and seeing it as normative for the church. This time the core of the teaching comes from John 12. He saw his own life and ministry, as a seed that would die,  only by this could new life come as he was raised by the Father, and would this lead to the creating of much fruit.     

We know that to grow a plant you must sow a seed. Seeds left in an unopened packet cannot be described as planted. They must be moved out of the packet and buried in the soil. That means an intentional end of their existence.  You don’t see them again.  But then something related to the seed, but different from it,  starts to grow up, out of the ground.   

Let’s translate that dynamic into the church planting process in any mission context.  The seed stands for the incoming church planting team, bearing in their bones the essence of the gospel and of the church.  This seed dies to its previous identity.  These people were part of a particular sending church; which had its own particular manifestations and culture.  They have to be willing to set aside those preferences and likes, to find how to be church and how to communicate gospel in the context to which God sends them.  This is like Paul saying in 1 Cor 9  “to the Greeks I became as a Greek”.  For some today it might mean, to the Pagan’s I became as a Pagan.  This seed will become a body, a plant, that it was not before.  The Plant and the seed are related, but also different, as 1 Cor 15 teaches.  Dying to Live is inherent in the church planting discipline and process.  The planting team [or seed], by mixing with its mission context, becomes rooted there. It draws nourishment and resources from that environment as it sends out roots and then a shoot emerges. By this process, it dies as a seed, changing from what it was. In church planting, the seed community becomes a new body of believers, as well as a body of new believers. As such the planting analogy has real strengths.  It conveys by analogy, what should occur theologically, in all cross cultural mission.  

2       Double Listening

The next principle in methodology, for all cases, is what the Church of England report Mission-shaped Church  calls DOUBLE LISTENING.  It is related to the seeds dying principle.   To reach other people different from them, those sent have to die to their own preferences about how to do church – then what is the essence of what must be kept ?   I suppose you could ask what is the DNA of gospel and church within the dying seed, that grows into the roots put down and emerges to shape the newly planted church?  

This process of finding that out involves two things.  Both are forms of attending to what God is saying.  Double listening means entering and understanding the culture in which a church might be established, truly listening to the mission context – like Paul did in Athens in Acts 17.  It also means sifting the inherited tradition of both gospel and church and finding its essence, not its forms. This is what Paul is doing when he rejects circumcision as necessary for new Greek Christian believers.  Double listening is complex, but it enables hearing a richer more accurate sound and better for determining what expression a new church might take.

·        For the planting of churches, listening to both contemporary culture and to church tradition are vital.  Only listen to culture and you will end up with syncretism – in which gospel and church are perverted and distorted by the culture. 

·        Only listen to the inherited tradition and the life and message of Jesus will not engage the culture. It will be disconnected, nothing is gained because it will be irrelevant.  

In mission we do not come with empty hands, but it is key to have open ears. In this sense there is an order to this.  Attention to the mission context, or listening to the world, comes before discerning how the inherited Christian tradition works within it. Mission precedes the shaping of the resultant church, when the seed of the gospel and church roots in the mission culture.      

Some might think  listening to context is all about evangelism, and listening to tradition is all about church.   I’d say that was disastrous.  Using a farming metaphor,  that’s the way fruit of evangelism might be gained, but then it gets left to rot in the fields – because the barn of the church is no good to store it.   Changing the metaphor, though still staying biological, – Jesus talked about the need for new skins for new wine.  We work at double listening over Church and Gospel. Creating Fresh Expressions of church is two listenings – over those two tasks.  

Listening to the cultural context shapes the gospel bearing church that emerges.  Then the second aspect of double listening – hearing our inheritance the faith uniquely revealed in the Scriptures - validates and assesses what is emerging.   Double listening is a process which enables something to evolve as its context changes. It holds in tension both a creative engagement with context and a faithfulness to the good news in Jesus. It is not easy, not simple, but essential and creative. Remember too that the order of this double listening is very like the theological principle of firstly incarnation then counter cultural.

[Lets apply that briefly to the dominant culture we shall encounter – consumerism. “To the consumers I became as a consumer” but in the case of consumerism, the gospel-shaped community that forms will have to address questions at the core of the human self, which does make choices.  Living the gospel is only partly about what and why I choose, as well as it is about who chose me.  This informs whom I serve and whom I will be prepared to die for and what I will gladly die to. A choice about my supposed right of choice. ]  

[3D thinking ]

Listening to context, then validating it by our inheritance connects to the next insight about methodology. Mission-shaped Church  chapter 6 spells that out very clearly, insisting we must ask the right questions, and in the right order. If Mission shapes Church,  it follows we must begin by asking who is a fresh expression of church for,  before going on to ask who will staff it and how it will relate to the wider church. 

MSC put it like this. p 116

start with the church and the mission will probably get lost.

start with the mission and it is likely that the Church will be found.  

In the language that MSC has adopted, To make fresh starts that are thought through, the expression of church should be formed by three considerations, 3 dimensions, taken in this order, for the theological reason that Mission should shape the Church, not vice versa.  And for the methodological reason that listening to context comes first.  

1          Who it is for    - what is the Mission goal – who are we sent to ?

2          Who is it by     - who are the Mission Resources – or the sent team ?

3          Who is it with  - who are the Mission partners –or sending churches?  

Read Ch 6 to see how these questions develop.  

The Church of the Saviour Washington DC has created a diverse range of congregations each around a specific mission context. These are the 3 questions they always ask in the process – good questions and in my view in the right order.  

Let me end with a field observation that goes beyond what MSC dared to say in full thought there are hints on p 117 about worship,  

4       Don’t assume starting with worship

If we know that mission shapes church – and this creates a go shape not a come shape, this profoundly questions whether provision of worship is the obvious theological starting point in mission.  

Go back to some 1990’s theory about the functions of Church – from Robert Warren. What does Church do – it worships, offers community and acts in mission. Spirituality beats at the heart of *these three activities.   

Then contrast that ideal picture with much western practice. 

Then you notice a dominant circle about worship. That can be measured by investment of money time, money and personnel in buildings, programmes and clergy to run them all.

All too often the Community  who meet in this building are somewhat dysfunctional and unattractive. As some wag said – “the main reason others aren’t in church, is because we are.”  Third, in practice Mission  is a weird thing that either happens overseas or is done by enthusiasts, who thank God, are not people like us.

Try to make such a beast mission minded, let alone mission centred is difficult. So attempts to change it  often turn out only to be a temporary foray out of the fold, in order to invite others to come and worship.  

Contrast that to the varied mission field we now face. 

How do elements of the mission field and of being church connect?  

The matrix in the PPT shows what we have found, on the ground in England .  

So it seems from MSC theology and from field study there is an inherent order in the creation of Fresh Expressions of Church. It is very unlike what we are used to.

It is essential to start with the apostolic or missional community. This group go bearing seeds of the gospel and the church. They live in such a way that others are drawn to them; strangers become friends, prompted by what they see to ask questions. 

As the planting team connect with the culture, learn its language and find its priorities, the shape of mission to that culture or area grows clearer.  Only by being there does the specific shape to the mission emerges. It s part of connecting with discernment of what God is doing there.

Only then  as local people respond to Christ and are discipled in the Christian community does indigenous worship slowly begin to emerge.  It grows out of the stories of finding faith, stories of answered prayers, it meshes with the local musical culture and local people’s creative gifts.

What must be characteristic of the worship – is that it feeds the life, gifting, calling and aspirations of the growing community.  Monastic groups would describe this process as worship nurturing the charism of the community.

But note the order: Public Worship does not come first. Indeed it cannot – it must be grown as the community in mission co-operates with God in evolving a mission shaped church.